An irregular menstrual cycle can have multiple causes, from stress to hormonal imbalances. It's important to consult when persistent or accompanied by other symptoms.
In this article
Key takeaways
- Normal cycle lasts 21-35 days
- Can be irregular due to functional or organic causes
- PCOS is the most common cause
- Stress and intense exercise have influence
- Identifying the cause is key to guide treatment
What is normal and what isn't
A cycle is considered normal if it lasts 21-35 days, with 2-7 days bleeding. Considered irregular if it varies much each month, has heavy bleeding, or misses periods without pregnancy.
Common causes
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Thyroid dysfunction
- Hyperprolactinaemia
- Stress or weight changes
- Very intense exercise
- Early menopause
- Hormonal contraception
Associated symptoms
Acne, hirsutism, weight gain, skin or hair alterations, fertility problems, pelvic pain, bleeding outside the cycle.
Treatment
Depends on the cause. May include lifestyle changes (weight, exercise, stress management), hormonal treatment (contraceptives, metformin) and, in some cases, surgery or fertility treatment.
When to see a gynaecologist
- Cycles <21 or >35 days repeatedly
- No period >3 months without pregnancy
- Very heavy or long bleeding
- Intense pelvic pain
- Trouble conceiving
Do you have irregular menstrual cycles?
The gynaecology team at Clínica Eupnea offers comprehensive evaluation to identify the cause and establish appropriate treatment.
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